{"id":40122,"date":"2019-06-27T16:48:00","date_gmt":"2019-06-27T15:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.um.edu.mo\/news-and-press-releases\/press-release\/2019\/06\/48257-pt_pt\/"},"modified":"2019-06-27T16:48:00","modified_gmt":"2019-06-27T15:48:00","slug":"48257","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.um.edu.mo\/pt-pt\/news-and-press-releases\/press-release\/detail\/48257\/","title":{"rendered":"Centro de Estudos de Macau da UM divulga os resultados do \u201cInqu\u00e9rito para Averiguar o Interesse de Participar na \u00c1rea da Grande Ba\u00eda de Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau e Opini\u00f5es Online entre os Residentes de Macau 2018\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"\n \n

The University of Macau\u2019s (UM) Centre for Macau\nStudies (CMS) today (27 June) released the results of the\nSurvey of Willingness of Participation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater\nBay Area and Opinions on the Internet among Macao Residents 2018.<\/p>\n\n

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Policy Research Team was\nestablished in 2018. It is led by Agnes Lam, principal investigator of the\nteam, who is also the director of the CMS. Other members of the team include Sheng Li, associate dean of\nUM\u2019s Faculty of Social Sciences; Prof Yu Wing Yat and Prof Ngo Tak Wing from the\nDepartment of Government and Public Administration; and Prof Kwan Fung and Prof\nChan Chi Shing from the Department of Economics.<\/p>\n\n

According to the survey results, most of the\nrespondents are not willing to work or live in mainland cities in the Greater\nBay Area (GBA) or in Hong Kong, and the most frequently cited reason is\nunsuitable lifestyle. In addition, less than half of the participants are\nwilling to retire in mainland GBA cities. It is noteworthy that most\nrespondents at the age of 55 or above are not willing to spend their elderly\nyears in mainland GBA cities.<\/p>\n\n

Overall, young people and those with a college\ndegree or above have a more open attitude towards working or living in GBA\ncities outside Macao. The survey has also found that about half of the\nrespondents are willing to see more residents from other GBA cities visiting\nMacao as tourists or investors. However, less than 30 per cent of the respondents\nare willing to have more residents from other GBA cities as workers or immigrants\nin Macao.<\/p>\n\n

In addition, based on the results of media\nmining, we have found that traditional media and social media have different\nfocuses when covering GBA-related news. For instance, traditional media focus\nmore on the policies of the Macao SAR government and the relevant actions led\nby the government and main officials, whereas social media focus more on topics\nrelated to people’s livelihood in the context of the GBA, such as transport\n(mutual recognition of driving licenses), infrastructure(construction of\ncrematorium), and government integrity and probity (non-stringent immigration\napproval process), etc.<\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n\n

Results of the Telephone Survey<\/u><\/p>\n\n

About 37.9 per cent of the respondents are willing to work or live in mainland\ncities in the GBA. Significant differences have been observed in the variables\nof sex, age, level of education, employment status, occupation, self-identity,\nregular expenses in mainland China, frequency of travelling to mainland China,\nwhether the respondents or their family members are working in mainland China,\nand whether the respondents or their family members have studied in mainland\nChina. Demographic characteristics of respondents who are willing to work or\nlive in mainland GBA cities and those who are not willing to do so are listed\nbelow:<\/p>\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n

Table 1: Characteristics of respondents who are willing and those who are unwilling to work or live in mainland GBA cities (listed by different demographic characteristics, only excerpts show items that meet statistical significance)<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Willing<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Unwilling<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n

\n

Sex<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Male<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Female <\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Age<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

15-24 <\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

65 or above<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Education level<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

College degree<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Primary education or less<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Employment status<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Students<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Retirees<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Occupation<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Members of\n the legislature, senior officials in public administration, community\n leaders, senior executives and managers in companies<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Blue-collar\n workers, manual workers, general service workers<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Self-identity<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Macao residents who also\n identify themselves as Chinese<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Macao residents<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Regular expenses in mainland China<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Yes<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

No<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Frequency of travelling to mainland China<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Always<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Never<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Whether respondents or their family members work in mainland China<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Yes<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

No<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Whether respondents or their family members have studied in mainland\n China<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Yes<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

No<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table>\n\n

A main reason\nfor willing to consider working or living in mainland GBA cities are better\ncareer prospects (61.2%). The major reason for not wanting to work or live in\nmainland GBA cities is unsuitable lifestyle (76.5%).<\/p>\n\n

Respondents who are willing to work or live in mainland GBA cities have a greater\nsense of self-identity as Chinese (7.78) compared to unwilling respondents\n(7.46). The difference, however, is not statistically significant,\nt(474)=1.493, p = .136. Respondents who are willing to work or live in mainland\nGBA cities have a greater sense of self-identity as Macao residents (8.21) compared\nto their unwilling counterparts (7.46). The difference is not statistically\nsignificant either, t(472)=1.894, p=.059.<\/p>\n\n

23 per cent of the respondents show a positive attitude towards working or\nliving in Hong Kong, with significant differences in sex, age, level of education,\nemployment status, place of birth, and self-identity. Respondents who are\nwilling to work or live in Hong Kong and those who are not willing show the\nfollowing characteristics:<\/p>\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n

Table 2: Characteristics of respondents who are willing or unwilling to work or live in Hong Kong in the Greater Bay Area (listed by different demographic characteristics, only excerpts show items that meet statistical significance)<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Willing<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Unwilling<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n

\n

Sex<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Male<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Female<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n

\n

Age<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

15-24 years old<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

55-64 years old<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n

\n

Education level<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Doctoral<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Junior higher school <\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n

\n

Employment status<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Students<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Unemployed<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n

\n

Place of birth<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Hong Kong<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Mainland GBA cities<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n

\n

Self-identity<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Macao residents<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n

\n

Macao residents who also identify themselves as Chinese<\/p>\n <\/td>\n \n <\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n

A main reason for willing to consider working or living in Hong Kong are better\ncareer prospects (62.4%). The major reason for not working or living in Hong\nKong is unsuitable lifestyle (52.4%).<\/p>\n\n

Respondents\nwho are willing to work or live in Hong Kong have a significantly lower sense of\nChinese identity (7.24) their unwilling counterparts (7.72), t(493)=2.043, p\n=.042. Respondents who are willing to work or live in Hong Kong have a stronger\nsense of self-identity as Macao residents (8.17) than their unwilling counterparts\n(7.98), but the difference is not statistically significant, t(491)=1.048,p\n=.193.<\/p>\n\n

More than half (53.8%) of the\nrespondents are unwilling to retire in mainland GBA cities (i.e. Guangzhou,\nFoshan, Zhaoqing, Shenzhen, Dongguan, Huizhou, Zhuhai, Zhongshan, and Jiangmen).\nSignificant differences have been observed in the variable of age, level of education,\nemployment status, occupation, individual monthly income, whether respondents\nhave relatives living in GBA cities outside Macao, regular expenses in mainland\nChina, the frequency of travelling to the mainland China, and whether the respondents\nor their family members are working in mainland China.<\/p>\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n

Table 3: Characteristics of respondents who are willing or unwilling to retire in mainland GBA cities (listed by different demographic characteristics, only excerpts show items that meet statistical significance)<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Willing<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Unwilling<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n <\/thead>\n

\n

Age<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

25-34 years old<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

65 or above<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Education level<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Doctoral <\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Primary school education or\n less<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Employment status<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Employed<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Retired<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Occupation<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

General\n civil servants<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Blue-collar\n workers, manual labour workers, general service workers<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Individual monthly income<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

MOP 40,001\uff5e50,000 <\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

MOP 60,001 or above<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Whether respondents have relatives\n living in GBA cities outside Macao<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Yes<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

No<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Regular expenses in mainland China<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Yes<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

No<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Frequency of travelling to the mainland China<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Always<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Never<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n

\n

Whether respondents or their family members are working\n in mainland China<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

Yes<\/p>\n <\/td>\n

\n

No<\/p>\n <\/td>\n <\/tr>\n<\/tbody><\/table>\n\n

The sense of\nChinese identity (7.88) of respondents who are willing to retire in mainland GBA\ncities is significantly lower than that of the unwilling respondents (7.39), t(493)=2.043\n, p=.042. <\/u>Respondents\nwho are willing to retire in mainland GBA cities have a significantly greater\nsense of self-identity as Macao residents (8.09) than those who are unwilling\n(7.87), t(449.30)=2.402, p=. 017.<\/p>\n\n

56 per cent of\nthe respondents are willing or very willing to welcome more residents from other\nGBA cities as tourists in Macao. About 18.4 per cent of the respondents are unwilling\nor very unwilling to do so.<\/p>\n\n

About 53.3\nper cent of the respondents are willing or very willing to welcome more\nresidents from other GBA cities as investors in Macao. About 23.6 per cent of\nrespondents are unwilling or very unwilling to do so.<\/p>\n\n

Approximately\nhalf (47.6%) of the respondents are unwilling or very reluctant to welcome more\nresidents from other GBA cities as workers in Macao. Less than one-third\n(29.5%) of respondents are willing to welcome more residents from other GBA cities\nas workers in Macao.<\/p>\n\n

58.2 per cent\nof the respondents are unwilling or very reluctant to welcome more residents from\nother GBA cities as immigrants. About one-fifth (21.0%) of respondents are\nwilling or very willing to do so.<\/p>\n\n

The telephone survey was conducted in a quantitative manner to\ninvestigate the overall attitude of Macao residents towards their participation\nin the development of the GBA. The survey was conducted between 17 December 2018\nand 30 December 2018. All of the respondents are Macao residents at the age of\n15 or above. A total of 557 cases were successfully completed.<\/p>\n\n

 <\/p>\n\n

Results\nof Mining Analysis<\/b><\/p>\n\n

The Outline of the Strategies for the Development of\nthe Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has clearly\npositioned Macao as a world centre of tourism and leisure, a service platform for\neconomic and trade cooperation between China and Portuguese-speaking countries,\nand a base for cultural exchange and collaboration with Chinese culture as the\npredominant component, complemented by a variety of other cultures that\nco-exist in harmony. When covering the news, traditional media and social media\nmentioned the phrase \u2018world centre of tourism and leisure\u2019 the most (2,733\nreports, 624.5 popularity points), followed by \u2018services platform for economic\nand trade cooperation between China and Portuguese-speaking countries\u2019 (1,467 reports,\n72.9 popularity points) and \u2018base for cultural exchange and collaboration\u2019 (501\nreports, 45.2 popularity points). In addition, there were 1,938 reports mentioning\n\u2018one center, one platform\u2019, with 336.7 popularity points.<\/p>\n\n

As for factors that give Macao an\nadvantage, traditional media and social media show similar but slightly\ndifferent focuses. In traditional media, \u2018Portuguese language\u2019 has been\nmentioned the most (6,740 reports), followed by institutional advantages (4,959\nreports). In social media, the popularity point is ranked No 2 (994.4 points)\nand No 1 (1,115.0 points). Thus, the two advantages were the most recognised\nadvantages of Macao in both traditional media and social media.<\/p>\n\n

Some media reports believe that Macao should give\nfull play to its Portuguese language advantage, which is a unique \u2018soft power\u2019\nof Macao. They also believe that Macao could benefit from its connection with\nPortuguese-speaking countries and should steadily promote the construction of a\n\u2018service platform for economic and trade cooperation between China and\nPortuguese-speaking countries.\u2019 Public opinion on the internet are also in\nfavour of Macao strengthening cooperation with other parties in the development\nof the Sino-Portuguese platform. It is believed that provinces in mainland\nChina can implement the \u2018Go Global\u2019 strategy by leveraging Macao\u2019s role as a\nplatform for economic and trade cooperation between China and\nPortuguese-speaking countries.<\/p>\n\n

In terms of institutional advantages,\nnews reports and online public opinion have mentioned that the \u2018One Country, Two\nSystems\u2019 policy is the biggest advantage of Macao in its development and\nparticipation in the development of the GBA. The policy allows Macao to\nmaintain long-term prosperity and stability after its handover to China. For\ninstance, some people say the participation of the People’s Liberation Army\nMacao Garrison in the disaster relief in the aftermath of Typhoon Hato and the\nsuccessful completion of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge let Macao residents\nfeel the love of their fellow compatriots and the benefits of the \u2018One Country,\nTwo Systems\u2019 policy.<\/p>\n\n

When talking about the disadvantages of Macao in the construction of the\nGBA, the viewpoints in traditional media and social media are similar, both singling\nout Macao\u2019s single-income-source economy as the greatest concern (3,505\nreports, 846.8 popularity points). The concern about the lack of economic\nstability stems from the fact that Macao\u2019s economy is dominated by a single\nindustry, namely the gaming industry, which means any change in the economic climate\ncould have serious consequences for the local economy. <\/p>

The second disadvantage mentioned is the lack of human resource (822 reports, 374.8 popularity points). Many people  believe that insufficient human resource is a major hindrance to Macao\u2019s participation in the construction of the GBA, which has elicited concern over the competency of Macao. Furthermore, some have pointed out that if Macao goes deeper into the construction of the GBA where the overall environment is more open, it may lead to brain drain, which could in turn cause Macao to lose its competitiveness.<\/p>\n\n

When covering issues related to the construction of the GBA, traditional media and social media have different focuses . In traditional media, topics that have been mentioned the\nmost are culture and art (16,562 reports), technological innovation (15,394 reports), education (11,903 reports), traffic problems (10,388 reports), finance (10,351 reports) and tourism (10,103 reports).<\/pre>\n\n
The top three topics in social media are traffic (7,420.2 popularity\npoints), infrastructure (6,553.3 popularity points) and finance (5,476.8\npopularity points). <\/p>\n\n
To summarise, the top ten topics covered by traditional media and\nsocial media are culture and arts, technological innovation, education,\ntransport, finance, tourism, innovation and entrepreneurship, and\ninfrastructure. Traditional media pays more attention to healthcare and\neconomic diversification, which are not listed among the top ten focuses in social\nmedia. Social media pays more attention to legislation and housing issues, which\nare not listed among the top ten focuses in news media.<\/p>\n\n
Issues\nrelated to the GBA involve a variety of topics that are closely related to the\ndevelopment of Macao and the livelihood of local residents. This section focuses\non issues discussed on traditional media and social media, with a detailed analysis\nof the number of reports of the top ten issues covered in traditional media and\nsocial media.<\/p>\n\n
Among the issues related to the GBA,\nthe Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge has been the most covered topic for both\ntraditional media and social media (5,166 reports and 3,239.6 popularity\npoints). Issues listed among the top ten in\nboth traditional media and social media are: smart cities, Macao cuisine,\nmedical insurance, mutual recognition of drivers\u2019 licenses, development fund\nfor Guangdong-Macao cooperation, property price trend, and renovation of the old\ndistrict. Relatively speaking, traditional media focus more on poverty\nalleviation and the 2019 policy address, which did not enter the top ten topics\nin social media. Social media pays more attention to issues related to\nimmigration approval and the construction of crematorium, which did not enter the\ntop ten topics in traditional media.<\/p>\n\n
We investigated the content of each topic and analysed the\noverall emotional undertone for different topics. Among the top 12 topics in terms\nof news media coverage and social media popularity, those that elicit an\nexpression of positive emotions are \u2018Macao cuisine\u2019, \u2018poverty\nalleviation\u2019, and \u2018Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge\u2019, with 90% (97.1%, 94.3%,\n90.1%) according to the content emotion analysis; \u2018construction of crematorium\u2019\nelicits the most neutral emotion, reaching 70% (71.9%); in terms ofnegative\nemotions, \u2018mutual recognition of drivers\u2019 licenses\u2019, \u2018non-stringent immigration\napproval process\u2019, and \u2018development fund for Guangdong-Macao cooperation\u2019 are the\ntop three issues, accounting for 32.6%, 23.4%, and 16.5%, respectively.<\/p>\n\n
Note: Due to rounding, the sum of the items\nin the chart may not be 100%, which is a normal statistical phenomenon.<\/p>\n\n
 <\/p>\n\n
As for news reports and\nonline public opinion, we have summarised the recommendations and opinions of\ndifferent parties on Macao’s participation in the construction of the GBA. The views\nin traditional media and those on social media are similar, mainly focusing on\nacademic research exchange (8,465 reports, 1,316.7 popularity points), economic\ndiversification (6,228 reports, 1,090.6 popularity points), and customs\nclearance (1,570 reports, 505.3 popularity points) which have been ranked among\nthe top three, in the same order.<\/p>
<\/p>
By observing news reports in traditional media and public opinion on social media platforms about the GBA, we have found that the two channels use different expressions to report news related to the GBA. In terms of the amount of information, traditional media outweigh social media, which is probably due to the fact that the construction of the GBA is a national strategy and thus receives more attention from the media.<\/p>
 In terms of news\ncontent, traditional media pay more attention to the SAR government’s policy\ntrends (e.g., the 2019 policy address on Macao\u2019s participation in the\nconstruction of the GBA), and relevant actions led by the government and main\nofficials (e.g., poverty alleviation); In terms of other specific areas, traditional\nmedia focus more on culture and arts (e.g., Macao cuisine) and technological\ninnovation (e.g., smart cities). In contrast, online public opinion pays more\nattention to issues related to people’s livelihood in the context of the\nconstruction of the GBA, such as transport (i.e., mutual recognition of\ndrivers’ licenses), infrastructure (i.e., construction of crematoriums), and clean\ngovernment (i.e., non-stringent immigration approval process). Due to the\ndifferent natures of traditional media and social media, the form of\ncommunication is obviously different.<\/div>\n\n
Media mining uses network mining\ntechnology to thoroughly and systematically collect relevant opinions from\nmajor media channels in Macao, news-related pages on Facebook, and online\nforums, to form a GBA research database. It also applies big data technology in\nonline content analysis for a comprehensive review. The \u2018amount of information\u2019\nmentioned in this article refers to the number of news reports and web posts on\nrelevant topics in traditional media, on Facebook and online forums. They include\nthe original posts and replies to the posts. The popularity points refer to the\naccumulative number of netizen behavior data (numbers of \u2018Likes\u2019, sharing, replies,\nreadings\/clicks\/views). The higher the value, the higher the popularity point.<\/p>
<\/p>
<\/p>
Source: Centre for Macau Studies<\/p>
Media Contact Information:Communications Office, University of Macau<\/p>
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Albee Lei  Tel\uff1a(853) 88228004Kelvin U  Tel\uff1a(853) 88224322Email\uff1aprs.media@um.edu.moUM Website\uff1awww.um.edu.mo<\/p>\n                        \n                        ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
The University of Macau\u2019s (UM) Centre for Macau Studies (CMS) today (27 June) released the results of the Survey of Willingness of Participation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40123,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40122","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press-release"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCentro de Estudos de Macau da UM divulga os resultados do \u201cInqu\u00e9rito para Averiguar o Interesse de Participar na \u00c1rea da Grande Ba\u00eda de Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau e Opini\u00f5es Online entre os Residentes de Macau 2018\u201d | Universidade de Macau<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Universidade de Macau: Uma universidade abrangente p\u00fablica de n\u00edvel internacional 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